LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) injectors are core components of modern LPG fuel systems, bridging fuel storage and engine combustion to ensure efficient, clean energy supply. Their operation and role are vital for optimizing engine performance and reducing emissions.
In terms of working principle, LPG injectors follow a precise, sensor-driven process. First, the LPG tank supplies low-pressure liquid gas to a vaporizer, which converts it into a gaseous state—critical for uniform combustion. Next, the engine control unit (ECU), the "brain" of the system, collects real-time data from sensors (e.g., air flow, engine speed, and temperature). Based on this data, the ECU calculates the exact amount of LPG needed for optimal combustion and sends electrical signals to the injectors. When activated, the injector’s solenoid valve opens rapidly (in milliseconds), spraying a fine, atomized mist of gaseous LPG directly into the intake manifold or combustion chamber. After fuel delivery, the valve closes instantly to prevent excess fuel from entering, ensuring precise control over the air-fuel mixture.
The role of LPG injectors is multi-faceted. Primarily, they guarantee fuel precision: By delivering the exact LPG quantity required, they maintain the ideal air-fuel ratio (typically 14.7:1 for gasoline, adjusted slightly for LPG), which maximizes combustion efficiency—boosting engine power and reducing fuel waste. Secondly, they enhance emission control: Unlike older carburetor-based LPG systems, injectors avoid incomplete combustion, cutting harmful emissions like carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) by up to 30%. Additionally, their rapid response adapts to dynamic driving conditions (e.g., acceleration or deceleration), ensuring smooth engine operation and preventing issues like rough idling or hesitation.
In summary, LPG injectors act as "smart regulators," merging electronic control with mechanical precision to make LPG a reliable, eco-friendly alternative fuel for internal combustion engines.
